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Terminology
Terminology
This information security terminology list is not all-inclusive but is rather intended for supporting teachers in going through teaching material.
Blog
A public diary published on the internet.
Online chat
Real-time channel of communication in which you write messages that instantaneously appear on the screen one after another. The messages change as more messages are written, meaning that only the latest ones can be viewed.
Malware
Software or software component that intentionally causes undesirable activities in a computer or information system. These include viruses and worms.
Hacker, cracker
A person that trespasses on or uses some organisation’s information network or system without permission. Note! The term ”hacker” is ambiguous: it can also refer to an avid computer enthusiast, for example.
Downloading
Loading and saving files from the internet onto your own computer.
Discussion board
An online discussion area, often focused on a certain topic, to which you can freely send your own messages using a form that can be found on the relevant website. Some discussion boards require registration. Discussion boards usually feature an archive from which you can search for subjects you want using search words. Board webmasters have the right to edit or delete the sent messages.
Operating system
“The program for programs” that operates “between” the computer device and application software. The computer uses this system for managing, monitoring and using the programs that are installed in it. Operating systems include Microsoft Windows, Apple Mac-OS and Linux.
Mail; e-mail
E-mail message.
Worm
Malware that independently distributes itself via, for instance, an information network. Worms can spread themselves through e-mail, the internet browser or a security loophole in the operating system. Worms can access an unprotected computer even without user activity, if the computer is connected to a network. Worms hinder system or computer operations and may distribute other malware.
Firewall
Software or device whose purpose is to control data communications from one network to another or between a network and a stand-alone system. A firewall may, for instance, restrict traffic in accordance with predetermined rules, such as from certain addresses.
Server
A program that distributes files to computers that are connected to a network in accordance with requests. For instance, on the internet, users receive their e-mail from an e-mail server on the web. The computer on which the server program is located is often called the server.
Pop-up
A new window opening on top of the used internet browser window. Pop-ups that open without the permission of the user usually feature advertisements.
Junk mail, spam
Unsolicited e-mail message that is usually used for direct marketing purposes. Junk mail is almost without exception sent at once in bulk to a large number of receivers.
Privacy protection
Situation in which information remains private. Information covered by privacy protection includes e.g. personal information. Information security is one means of attempting to maintain privacy protection.
Information security
Situation in which information security risks are under control.
Virus
Malware that spreads by copying itself to other software. A virus can spread via, for instance, a file or web page or by e-mail. An infection can occur, for instance, when you are browsing the internet or upon opening an e-mail attachment file. Viruses can hamper the operating capacity of your computer or system.
Anti-virus software
Software that attempts to deny malware access to the system as well as identifying, deleting or cleaning corrupted files.
| Updated 04.12.2008 |  |
